Model for optimal management of the cooling system of a fuel cell-based combined heat and power system for developing optimization control strategies

This paper is focused on the development of a model for achieving optimal control of the cooling system of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC)-based cogeneration system. This model is developed to help facilitate the development and application of control strategies to maximize the energy efficiencies of PEMFCs, so that the costs associated with electric and thermal generation can be reduced. The results of experimental analysis conducted using an actual PEMFC-based combined heat and power system that can produce 600 W of electrical power are presented. Then, the development and validation of a simulation model of the experimental system are discussed. This model is based on a combination of an artificial neural network (ANN) with a non-linear autoregressive exogenous configuration and a 3D lookup table (LUT) that updates the data input into the ANN as a function of the electrical power demand and the flow rate and input temperature of the coolant fluid. Due to the nonlinearity of the data contained in the 3D LUT, an algorithm based on linear interpolation and shape-preserving piecewise cubic Hermite dynamic functions is implemented to interpolate the data in 3D. As a result, the model can predict the outlet temperature of the coolant fluid and hydrogen consumption rate of the PEMFC as functions of the inlet temperature and flow rate of the coolant fluid and the electrical power demand. The proposed model exhibits high accuracy and can be used as a black box for the development of new optimization strategies.University of The Basque Country - UPV/EHU [UFI 11/28

Fuel cell-based CHP system modelling using Artificial Neural Networks aimed at developing techno-economic efficiency maximization control systems

This paper focuses on the modelling of the performance of a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC)-based cogeneration system to integrate it in hybrid and/or connected to grid systems and enable the optimization of the techno-economic efficiency of the system in which it is integrated. To this end, experimental tests on a PEMFC-based cogeneration system of 600 Wof electrical power have been performed to train an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Once the learning of the ANN, it has been able to emulate real operating conditions, such as the cooling water out temperature and the hydrogen consumption of the PEMFC depending on several variables, such as the electric power demanded, temperature of the inlet water flow to the cooling circuit, cooling water flow and the heat demanded to the CHP system. After analysing the results, it is concluded that the presented model reproduces with enough accuracy and precision the performance of the experimented PEMFC, thus enabling the use of the model and the ANN learning methodology to model other PEMFC-based cogeneration systems and integrate them in techno-economic efficiency optimization control systems

Wind Energy Harnessing in a Railway Infrastructure: Converter Topology and Control Proposal

Long distances in the vicinities of railways are not exploited in terms of wind energy. This paper presents a scalable power electronics approach, aimed to harness the wind potential in a railway infrastructure. The key aspect of this proposal relies on both using the wind energy in the location, and the displaced air mass during the movement of a train along the railway, in order to produce electrical energy. Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWT) are used in order to take advantage of the wind power, and widely used and well-known power converter techniques to accomplish the goal, showing MPPT techniques, parallelization of converters and power delivery with a Solid State Transformer (SST). Results are shown according simulations of the whole system, with and without train activity, resulting that 30.6 MWh of the energy could be generated without the train, and the energy generated with the assistance of the train could reach 32.3 MWh a year. Concluding that almost the 10% of the energy could be provided by the assistance of the train.The authors thank the support from the Basque Government (project ELKARTEK Twin KK-2020/00050, GISEL Research Group IT1191-19 and PIBA_2019_1_0098), as well as from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (COLAB19/02, under Grant PES16/31)

Empirical calendar ageing model for electric vehicles and energy storage systems batteries

Transport electrification and energy storage are considered part of the solution to decrease CO2 emissions from the energy and transport sectors. In this context, batteries can be a promising technology, since advances in the last few years have ensured a larger lifetime and better performance. Depending on actual use of the batteries, calendar ageing can be considered as the main origin of degradation in both transport electrification and energy storage since electric vehicles are parked 96 % of the time and battery energy storage stations (BESSs) can remain at a high State of Charge (SoC) for a long time along their lifetime. Therefore, a lifetime model or a degradation model of batteries is necessary to optimally develop an application of these in every sector. In this sense, this paper presents a calendar ageing model of a nickel-manganese-cobalt (NMC) battery, which is used in commercialised electric vehicles. The degradation model presented here is based on the Hermite Cubic Interpolation Polynomial (PCHIP) over an experimental results data set in combination with a power law for modeling the influence of the storing time. In this context, four fitting equations have been compared in search of the most appropriate time depending rate, and the accuracy of the most commonly used model was improved. The storing temperature and SoC have been found to be the most harmful factors in the degradation of these batteries by calendar ageing. The degradation model developed yields of an average root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.8 % in capacity fade (CF), while in power fade (PF), the average RMSE has been 2.3 %.The authors thank the Basque Government (project PIBA_2019_1_0098, KK-2022/00100 and GISEL research group IT1522-22) and the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU (project COLAB19 and PES16/31) for their support

Aplicación de la metodología aprendizaje-servicio en la asignatura "Clínica jurídica de acción social" de la Facultad de Derecho

Memoria ID-149. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2019-2020

Clínica jurídica de acción social

Memoria ID-025. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019

Conviviendo en Positivo: Educación en salud, Atención Consciente, Compasión activa y Resiliencia

Proyecto de innovación docente enfocado en valores nucleares y convivencia en una sociedad serodiscordante, es continuidad del P89/2018, titulado “competencias intra e interpersonales, sexo consciente, fármacos y mindfulness”. Durante el primer semestre, desde el paradigma de aprendizaje cooperativo, basado en resolución de proyectos, se desarrolló la investigación documental, reflexión y debate sobre estos centros de interés: valores nucleares & VIH: abordaje de la seropositividad; adherencia terapéutica; estudio PARTNER indetectable es igual a intransmisible; profilaxis pre-exposición (PrEP); convivir en serodiscordancia; encuestas sobre estigmatización y discriminación social y sanitaria; riesgos globales de la discriminación terapéutica; relaciones interpersonales y emociones aflictivas; mindfulness y compasión basado en la evidencia; psicología positiva y resiliencia. En el segundo semestre, durante la fase cero del estado de alerta sanitaria, se desarrolló una intervención psicoeducativa, dirigida a facilitar estrategias que ayudasen a gestionar mejor el impacto emocional generado por la incertidumbre, la restricción de movilidad territorial, el confinamiento, y el miedo al contagio de la COVID-19. Perpetuar el estigma ante VIH, es una violación de los derechos humanos. Como antídoto a la indiferencia, se integró en nuestra intervención el fomento de la compasión activa, entendida como un sentido básico de cuidado, sensibilidad y apertura hacia el sufrimiento propio y de los demás, y la intención genuina de intentar aliviarlo y prevenirlo. La pandemia generada por el SARS-CoV-2 es una oportunidad para entender que ante este virus, aquí y ahora, la única opción es prevenirlo, detectarlo mediante pruebas y confinarlo, es decir no transmitirlo y no reinfectarse. Si de forma transversal somos capaces de interiorizarlo y normalizar la convivencia en serodiscordancia, si normalizamos las pruebas diagnósticas rutinarias, podremos entre todas y todos reducir hasta un 90% la transmisión activa otra pandemia de la que hoy no se habla, del VIH, de este modo conseguiríamos minimizar la aparición de nuevos casos, frenar su avance y vencer definitivamente al SIDA

Adaptación de la asignatura “Clínica Jurídica de Acción Social” a un modelo de Aprendizaje-servicio con docencia semipresencial u online

Memoria ID-102. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021